Propelling mechanism



Feb.' 23, 1932. A, MARTINO 1,846,404

PROPELLING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 16, 1929 2 SheeS-Sheet l Feb. 23, 1932. A, SAMARTlNO A 1,846,404

PROPELLING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 16, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fig- 6 a 20 I 12:13:? nl/ In/wanton im M,

Itter m Patented Feb. 23, 1932 ANTHONY SAMARTINO, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA PROPELLING MECHANISM Application filed January 16, 1929. Serial No. 332,996.

This invention relates to a propelling mechanism, particularly adapted for flying machines, but also suitable for marine propulsion.

It is a. particular object of my invention to provide a. mechanism which will both lift and propel a flying machine.

A further object of my invention is to provide a propelling mechanism which is simple and substantial in form.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred embodiment o' my invention,

Fig. l is a top view of a flying machine provided with my new form of propelling mechanism,

Fig. 2 is a side View of the flying machine shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the propelling mechanism shown in Fig. 2 taken along line 3-3,

Fig. l is a. view of a moditied form of the propelling mechanism shown in Fig. 1,

V Fig. 5 is a side view ofv a lying machine with a single propeller arranged on top of the machine, and

Fig. 6 is a top view of the flying machine and propelling mechanism shown in Fig. 5.

Coming now to a description ot my invention, 1 is a drive shaft journaled in hubs 2 of gears 3 which hubs are rigidly connected by a bow 1 and rotatably mounted in the frame 5 of the ilying machine 6.

A lever 7 is secured to collar 8 fastened to one of the hubs 2 and carries a detent 9 and control button 10 for releasing the detent in known manner. Suitable slots are arranged around the huh 2 in the frame 5 for engagement by the detent 9 to hold the lever 7 and gears 3 in adjusted position. By this means gears 3 are normally held stationary though they can readily be adjusted around their axes at will.

At the end of the drive shaft 1 is arranged a bearing 11 whose longitudinal axis is transverse to the drive shaft. A journal 12 rotatably mounted in bearing 11 carries a propeller consisting ot two blades 13 and 1st iixed at right angles to each other, the blades being rigidly secured to journal 12 by means of pins 15. Two gears 16 and 17 are mounted on ournal 12 so that they will mesh with the normally stationary gear 3. Gear 16 is fixed to the journal and gear 17 is rotatable thereon. The circumference of the stationary gear 3 is one-half that of gears 16, 17.

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement whereby each of hubs 2 and its appartenant gear 3 `can be adjusted independently. Each of the hubs 2 in this `figure is provided with ak lever 7 carrying a detent 9 and control button 10.

Figs. and 6 show how a single propeller constructed according to my invention can be utilized by arranging it above the flying machine at the longitudinal center. A pair of bearings 18, 19 are mounted on supports 20. One end of the drive shafting 1 is journaled in bearing 18 and hub 2 is journalecl in bearing 19. The remainder ot the propelling mechanism in these `tigures is the same as described hereinbctore and shown in the other figures.

It will be observed from the above description and with reference to the drawings that, as the propeller makes a single revolution, the blade 111, for example, will turn from the position in which it lies flatwise in the plane of its rotation, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. to a position transverse to the plane of rotation when it has revolved 1800, and back to a ilatwise position, upon completing 360 ot revolution. In the position of adjustment of control lever 7 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the i'orces developed by the horizontal components of the motion of the blades balance out, but those developed by the vertical components tending to raise the machine greatly exceed those tending to depress themachine, because the average surface presented by the blades as they move downward is greater than when they move upward. The machine will therefore be moved vertically upward. lVhen a sui'cient height has been attained the lever 7 can be adjusted to a position in which the forces due to the horizontal components ot motion of the blades are unbalanced and tend to move the machine forward at the same time the forces developed by the vertical components are brought nearer to a balance and the machine will cease to rise if the adjustment is sufficient. To allow the machine to drop vertically control lever 7 is returned to initial position and the motor is throttled down to such an extent that the upward thrust of the propeller is insulicient` to support the weight of the machine.

l/Vhile I have shown in the drawings a iiying machine in which the propellers and horizontal stabilizer form practically the sole means of support, the invention can be used 10 in combination with supporting wings of the usual type.

It is a particular advantage of the invention that the change from the smallest air re-V sistance to the blades to the greatest is gradual and the propeller is therefore relieved of sudden shocks as far as possible.

The invention can also be applied to marine propulsion and its application to this use will be obvious, in View of the above description.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. In a propelling mechanism, a stationary gear having an aperture through its axis, a

drive shaft extending through the aperture in said gear, a bearing mounted at the end of said shaft and arranged transversely to the latters axis, a propeller consisting of two blades fixed at right angles to each other on a common longitudinal journal rotatably mounted in said bearing, and a second gear fixed on said journal and meshing with said stationary gear, the circumference of said stationary gear being one-half that of said ""5 second gear.

2. In combination with a propelling mechanism according to claim l, means for adjusting said normally stationary gear about its axis.

i9 The foregoing specification signed at Philadelphia, Pa., this 11th day of January,

' ANTHONY .SAMARTINO 

